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Review Article
Pathophysiology and management of disorders in water metabolism
Dong Un Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2007;50(5):430-435.   Published online May 15, 2007
Even though we drink and excrete water without recognition, the amount and the composition of body fluid remain constant everyday. Maintenance of a normal osmolality is under the control of water balance which is regulated by vasopressin despite sodium concentration is the dominant determinant of plasma osmolality. The increased plasma osmolality (hypernatremia) can be normalized by the concentration of urine,...
Hypernatremia and hyponatremia
Dong Un Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2006;49(5):463-469.   Published online May 15, 2006
Sodium is the major cation of the extracellular fluid and the primary determinant of extracellular osmolality. Therefore, hypernatremia causes water movement out of cells, while hyponatremia causes water movement into cells, resulting in cellular shrinkage and cellular swelling, respectively. Serious central nervous system symptoms may complicate both conditions. Since hypernatremia and hyponatremia are accompanied by abnormalities in water balance, it...
Medical Lecture Course
Renal Transport Proteins Involved in Urinary Concentrating Mechanism
Dong Un Kim
Clin Exp Pediatr. 2004;47(5):480-484.   Published online May 15, 2004
Renal tubule and vasa recta are arranged in complex but specific anatomic relationships and the production of a concentrated urine is achieved by countercurrent multiplication mechanism in the renal medulla. This model requires that the ascending thin limb is highly permeable to NaCl but impermeable to water, while the descending thin limb is impermeable to NaCl but highly permeable to...
Case Report
A Case of Marden-Walker Syndrome
Hyun Jong Cho, Yoon Kyung Lee, Dong Un Kim, Byung Joon Choi, Jin Tack Kim, Ik Jun Lee, Je Geun Chi
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(10):1471-1474.   Published online October 15, 1999
A Case of Idiopathic Chylothorax Treated with Pleuroperitoneal Shunt
Sung Ho Jung, Dong Un Kim, Yoon Kyung Lee, Byung Joon Choi, Jin Tack Kim, Ik Jun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1999;42(5):733-737.   Published online May 15, 1999
Chylothorax is an accumulation of lymphatic fluid or chyle in the pleurual cavity resulting from a leak of the thoracic duct or one of its major divisions. If the loss of chyle persist, life threatening nutritional and immunologic deficiencies ensue. Initial conservative managements consist of tube thoracostomy drainage and dietary modification(low fat diet and total parenteral nutrition). In some refarctory...
A Case of Chorea in the Recovery Phase of Pneumococcal Meningitis
Eun Ah Suh, Dong Un Kim, Yoon Kyung Lee, Bung Jun Choi, Young In Kim, Ik Jun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1998;41(5):719-723.   Published online May 15, 1998
Movement disorders(chorea, athetosis, ballism) are a rare complication that develops during the course of bacterial meningitis although associations with tuberculous meningitis are established to some extent. Movement disorders are generally believed to reflect injury to the basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum and cerebral cortex. Ischemic infarctions of these areas have been proposed as the cause of dyskinesias in bacterial meningitis. We...
A Case of Type IV-4 Renal Tubular Acidosis
Young A Jo, Dong Un Kim, Yoon Kyung Lee, Byung Jun Choi, Jin Tack Kim, Ik Jun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(11):1603-1607.   Published online November 15, 1997
Type IV renal tubular acidosis(RTA) is due to renal tubular bicarbonate wasting associated with mineralocorticoid deficiency. In its five subtypes, IV-4 is due to pseudohypoaldosteronism(PHA) evidenced by increased plasma renin and aldosterone. PHA is believed to result from distal tubular unresponsiveness to circulating aldosterone and has normal renal and adrenal fuction. Hypoaldosteronism can easily be suspected when the patient shows typical electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia coupled with...
A Case of Citrullinemia
Dong Soo Park, Dong Un Kim, Sang Ook Park, Ik Jun Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1997;40(4):584-587.   Published online April 15, 1997
Citrullinemia is one of the five urea cycle defects and is caused by argininosuccinic acid synthetase deficiency ; conversion of citrulline to argininosuccinic acid is blocked. Severe hyperammonemia typically develops in the neonate within a few days and symptoms such as vomiting, lethargy, convulsion, coma follows rapidly. The diagnosis is supported by high citrulline level in serum, urine, CSF and...
Original Article
Age Related Reference Ranges for Lymphocyte Subsets in Healthy Korean Children
Dong Un Kim, Joon Sung Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1996;39(2):264-272.   Published online February 15, 1996
Purpose : This study was aimed to investigate the age related changes of lymphocyte subset values in healthy Korean children. Methods : Eighty healthy children were divided into four groups: group A(less than 1yr, n=20), group B(from 1 to 211/12 yr, n=20), group C(from 3 to 511/12 yr, n=20), group D(more than 6 yr, n=20). Their blood were examined for the...
Case Report
Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
Dong Un Kim, Dae Kyun Koh, Yeon Dong Lee, Jae Kyun Hur, Kyoo Hong Cho, Suk Jin Kang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1994;37(9):1279-1285.   Published online September 15, 1994
Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) is a rare disease characterized by fever, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenia and non-malignant lymphohistiocytic infiltration with hemophagocytosis in reticuloendothelial organs. We experienced three cases of FHL in identical male twins and their younger brother who presented with fever and severe hepatosplenomegaly. Cytompenia, elevated serum transaminase and low serum albumin levels, hypertriglyceridemia were common laboratory findings of them. One of...
Original Article
High-Dose Intravenous Immune Globulin Therapy for Hyperbilirubinemia Caused by ABO Incompatibility
Dong Sung Kim, Dong Un Kim, Ji Whan Han, Sung Soo Whang, Kyung Yil Lee, Man Kyu Yang
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(8):1073-1079.   Published online August 15, 1993
Four newborn infants with hyperbilirubinemia, caused by ABO blood group incompatibility, were treated with high-dose intravenous immune globulin (IVIG). As soon as the diagnosis was clinically suspected, these infants received conventional treatment including phototherapy and were monitored closely for bilirubin levels. When bilirubin concentrations reached the risk point in spite of pjototherapy, IVIG was given at a dose of 1g/kg for...
Case Report
A Case of Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
Dong Un Kim, Seung Hoon Han, Jin Han Kang, Joon Sung Lee
Clin Exp Pediatr. 1993;36(3):439-446.   Published online March 15, 1993
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome s an X-linked combined immunodeficency disorder characterzed by severely decreased number of platelets which are small in size, eczema resembling atopic dermatitis and recurrent infection. The serum of the patient contains elevated concentrations of IgA and IgE, whereas the IgG level is usually normal and IgM level is deecreased. The patient also shows skin test anergy and progressive...
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